Health Care: What are the symptoms of Zika virus, know the causes and preventive measures

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Health Care: Zika is caused by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Zika virus enters the human body through the bite of an Aedes mosquito. 80 percent of the patients of this disease do not have any symptoms while other infected people show symptoms like fever, joint pain, muscle pain, headache, red eyes, vomiting, rash on the body. Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus. It was first identified in rhesus macaque monkeys in Uganda in 1947, with evidence of human infection and disease in other African countries in the 1950s.

Important facts related to Zika virus

• Zika virus is spread mainly by Aedes mosquitoes, which bite mostly during the day.

• Most people with Zika virus infection do not develop symptoms; Those who have it usually have symptoms such as rash, fever, muscle and joint pain, malaise, and headache, which last for 2-7 days.

• Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause babies to be born with microcephaly and other congenital malformations, as well as prematurity and miscarriage.

• Zika virus infection is associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome, neuropathy, and myelitis in adults and children.

• Zika virus infection during pregnancy has been shown to cause microcephaly and other congenital malformations in the infant, including limb shortening, high muscle tone, eye abnormalities, and hearing loss. These clinical features are collectively referred to as congenital Zika syndrome.

There is no vaccine or treatment for Zika virus. Zika virus is not contagious. A mosquito that has bitten a person with Zika virus can infect another person with Zika if it bites another person. In this, people with health problems like diabetes, high blood pressure need to pay more attention. If fever persists for two days after coming from somewhere, a doctor should be consulted immediately.

There is no specific treatment available for Zika virus infection or disease. People with symptoms such as rash, fever, or joint pain should get plenty of rest, drink fluids, and treat symptoms with antipyretic or analgesic medications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided until dengue virus infection is ruled out due to risk of bleeding. If symptoms worsen, patients should seek medical care and advice.

Pregnant women living in areas with Zika transmission or who develop symptoms of Zika virus infection should seek medical attention for laboratory testing, information, counseling, and other clinical care.

Prevention of Zika virus infection:

• Avoiding mosquito bites during the day and evening is an important way to prevent Zika virus infection, especially in pregnant women, women of reproductive age, and young children.

• Personal protective measures include wearing clothing that covers most of the body; using window screens and closing doors and windows; and applying insect repellent to skin or clothing according to product label directions.

• Small children and pregnant women should sleep under a mosquito net during the day or in the evening while sleeping. Travelers and people living in affected areas should take precautions to protect themselves from mosquito bites.

• Aedes mosquitoes breed in small collections of water around homes, schools and workplaces. It is important to eliminate these mosquito breeding sites, which includes covering water storage containers, removing standing water from flower pots, and cleaning out trash and used tires. Health officials may also recommend the use of larvicides and insecticides to reduce mosquito populations and the spread of disease.

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