Preparation to win the war against malaria, second vaccine also approved

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It is very good news that just two years after the approval of the deadly malaria vaccine in the year 2021, the use of its second vaccine has been approved. Due to this disease, every year more than five lakh people around the world die. African countries have to face its brunt the most. However, India is also not untouched by this. Due to this disease, the country faces a burden of 1,940 million dollars every year. Know about important facts related to infection including malaria vaccine in these days…

Recently a very positive news came that the World Health Organization (WHO) has approved the second malaria vaccine. Getting approval means the world has access to a cheaper and easier option to fight malaria. This vaccine named R21/Matrix-M has been jointly developed by Oxford University and Serum Institute of India. Currently it is being used in Ghana, Nigeria and Burkina Faso.

Preparation of 10 crore doses every year

This vaccine will be prepared by Pune based Serum Institute of India. The company has already achieved the capacity to produce 10 crore doses per year, which will double in the next two years.

Construction will be done at nominal cost

According to the website of Oxford University, this malaria vaccine is an easily available vaccine which can be manufactured on a large scale and at a nominal cost. With this, millions of doses can be supplied to those countries which are facing a heavy burden of malaria. This vaccine can reduce more than five lakh deaths due to malaria every year. With approval and recommendations by WHO, additional regulatory approval is expected shortly. As soon as the regulatory approval is received, the use of R21/Matrix-M vaccine is likely to start on a large scale from next year.

The first vaccine was approved in 2021

In October 2021, the World Health Organization approved the use of the first malaria vaccine, Mosquirix (RIS, S/AS01). This vaccine was prepared by GlaxoSmithKline. After the organization approved its widespread use in areas with moderate to high infection of the malaria-causing parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, there has been a reduction in malaria infection in young children.

Investigation of areas suffering from the burden of infection

Malaria is a disease which, if not treated on time, proves fatal. Due to carelessness and neglect, every year lakhs of people across the world die due to its infection. According to the World Malaria Report released by the World Health Organization in 2022,

Around 50 percent of the world’s population was at risk of malaria in 2021.

There were an estimated 247 million malaria cases worldwide in 2021.

There were 619,000 estimated deaths from malaria in 2021, worldwide.

Status of African regions (in the year 2021)

This region of the world has to face the highest incidence of malaria.

95 percent of the cases (234 million) were reported in the African region alone, of the total cases reported worldwide.

This region alone was responsible for 96 percent of the deaths (5,93,000).

Nearly 80 percent of all malaria deaths occurred here in children under five years of age.

More than half of deaths in four countries only

Africa also has the highest burden of deaths due to malaria. More than half of the people died in four countries of this continent in 2021.

Nigeria stood first with 31.3 percent deaths.

12.6 percent people died in Congo.

4.1 percent

People died in Tanzania.

3.9 percent death

Niger had to bear the burden of

India recorded remarkable success

According to the International Journal of Health Science and Research, about 95 percent of India’s population lives in malaria endemic areas, and out of all the cases of malaria infection reported in the country, 80 percent are in tribal, hilly, remote and inaccessible areas. Are from areas. But it is also true that India is getting success in its efforts to get rid of this disease. According to the World Malaria Report 2022, India has achieved remarkable success in the fight against malaria. In comparison to the year 2015, in 2022, there has been a decline of 85 percent in the cases of infection and 83 percent in the cases of deaths in this country. Provisional data shows that 126 districts recorded zero cases of malaria in 2022. Let it be known that the government has set the target of making the country malaria free by 2030.

50 percent cases in African countries

In the year 2021, about 50 percent of malaria cases were reported from four countries in Africa, globally. Here, there was an increase in the cases of malaria infection and mortality in 2019-2020, but it decreased in 2020-21.

Nigeria recorded the highest number of cases at 26.6 percent.

Congo stood second in malaria cases with 12.3 percent.

5.1 percent cases of malaria were reported from Uganda.

Mozambique recorded 4.1 percent of the total global cases.

Decrease in infection in South-East Asia

The number of infected people per 1000 population fell from 17.9 to 3.2 in this area.

There was a 76 percent decline in total infection cases from 22.8 million to 5.4 million.

The death rate per 1,00,000 population came down from 2.7 to 0.5.

Deaths due to malaria decreased by 74 percent and came down from 35,000 to nine thousand.

However, between 2020 and 2021, nearly four lakh more cases were reported in the region, more than half of which were reported from Myanmar. There was also an increase in infection cases in Bangladesh, North Korea, India and Indonesia.

Situation in other areas

In 2021, 2.5 percent of malaria cases globally were recorded in seven malaria-endemic countries in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Of which Sudan had to bear the highest burden of the disease with 54 percent of the cases. Somalia, Yemen, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Djibouti also faced the outbreak of this disease.

Talking about the American region, in 2021, 0.2 percent malaria cases were recorded at the global level in 17 malaria endemic countries and one country in the region. Three countries in the region – Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela – alone accounted for 79 percent of the total infection cases.

In the eight malaria endemic countries of the Western Pacific region, the percentage of malaria infections in 2021 was 0.6 percent of the total global percentage. Among these, maximum 87 percent people were infected in Papua New Guinea. After that

The Solomon Islands, Cambodia and the Philippines were located

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