The era of colonialism, imperialism and capitalism is over, now the economy should be based on nationalism

Colonialism began with the discovery of the American continent and continued uninterrupted for almost half of the 20th century. The first batch of colonialism started in the 16th century when France, Spain and England colonized small countries located in the southern part of the earth. Western countries established their full control over the trade and administration of these colonial countries for the residents of European countries by sending the natives of the colonial countries to far-flung areas. The natives of these countries were not only used as laborers in the colonial countries, but also in other colonial countries and western countries these natives were taken and settled as laborers. By taking raw material from the colonial countries to their countries at very cheap rates, manufacturing products from this raw material, these products were sold at very high prices in these colonial countries. That is, the western countries also started using the colonial countries as a market for the products manufactured in their country.

For example, in that period, the British administrators created a feeling in the Indian public that Western beliefs are scientific, successful and developed beliefs and Indian traditions are conservative, uncivilized, ancient and have nothing to do with science. In this way, a lot of propaganda of western beliefs was spread. The British administration made such policies, which almost ended the industry of India and developed India only as a center of raw materials. By taking cotton from India at very cheap rates, cloth was manufactured using this cotton in cloth manufacturing mills in England and the same cloth was brought to India and sold at high rates to Indian citizens. Due to this Indian citizens became very poor from poor and new employment opportunities were created in England. Thus, the colonial countries were greatly exploited economically by the western countries.

Two methods of exploitation of the colonial countries were adopted by the western countries. Under one method, trade was started directly in the colonial countries by the administration of these countries. Spain adopted this method in its colonial countries. Under the method adopted by Spain, the local citizens of the colonial countries were converted to Christianity, so that these citizens become loyal to the administration. Spain spread Christianity in these countries by destroying the local traditions, civilization and culture in the colonial countries of the American continent. Under the second method, the merchants of these countries set up companies in the private sector (such as the East India Trading Company) and took control of the trade of the colonial countries through these companies. These companies were given a free hand by the administration in the matter of trade, so that these companies could freely loot the resources of the colonial countries. England adopted this method in its colonial countries.

Western countries exploited the natural resources in their own interests by using the local citizens of their colonial countries as laborers. Due to this double exploitation of the colonial countries, the economies of the western countries became stronger. Throughout the 19th century, many colonial countries were exploited in this way by the western countries. Imperialism was also imposed on these countries soon after colonialism. To implement imperialism, force was also used on some countries. It has been proved that the Christian culture of western countries is superior to the culture of colonial countries. Calling the knowledge of the local citizens as half-baked and unscientific knowledge, they were forced to adopt the western civilization which was said to be scientific. This western civilization was based on capitalism, under which the local citizens of the colonized countries were made consumerists so that the products manufactured in western countries could be used by these local citizens and thus a market could be created for the products of western countries.

After the Second World War, the pressure on the Western countries to provide independence to the colonial countries started increasing because the citizens of these countries had launched a movement to achieve independence and in many countries these movements were becoming violent, which became victims of these countries. But those who rule and do business were becoming citizens of western countries. Therefore, between the 1940s and the 1960s, political independence was granted to almost all the colonial countries. After the end of the political dominance of western countries on these countries, they began to realize that how to continue the economic benefits that the western countries are getting from the colonial countries. Therefore, wearing the mask of globalization, an attempt was made by western countries to once again establish imperialism on these countries.

First of all many international institutions like World Bank, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Health Organization, World Trade Organization etc. were formed by Western countries. Other small countries including former colonial countries were also made members of all these institutions. On becoming members, these countries were assured that this would strengthen the economic development of these countries and poverty of the citizens of these countries would be removed. These countries were also assured by the developed countries that by investing their capital in these countries, the developed countries will provide their full cooperation in the economic development of these countries. Since the strong hold on all the above organizations remained with the developed countries, the main role was played by the developed countries in the policy making of these organizations. The policies of these organizations were made in the interest of the developed countries. Out of the above organizations, financial organizations started investing their capital in small countries and loans were also provided to these countries for the purpose of promoting the trade of these countries. All the conditions on which this capital investment was made were in the interest of the developed countries. For example, these countries will not be able to impose any restriction on the import of products from developed countries and these countries will continue to provide raw materials to developed countries. Since labor was available in these countries in sufficient quantity at cheap rates, some developed countries also established their manufacturing units in these countries. Developed countries got two benefits of this, one, these manufacturing units were releasing poisonous gas in the atmosphere, which was adversely affecting the climate of the developed countries, it could be avoided. Secondly, developed countries started importing the goods produced in these countries on their own terms. The result of all this was that some countries took huge amounts of loans from international financial institutions, which could not be repaid on time and remained trapped in the debt trap. In this way, developed countries have trapped these countries in their net in the name of financial aid.

Similarly, developed countries started influencing the agricultural sector of small countries as well. By increasing the production of agricultural commodities in these countries, in the name of reducing the hunger of the citizens of these countries and in the name of scientific agriculture method and more production, chemical fertilizers, seeds and chemicals etc. have been exported in large quantities by the developed countries to these countries at high prices. Started going The farmers of these countries started promoting the use of these substances, due to which agricultural productivity increased in the short term, but in the long term the land became barren. In this way, in the name of globalization, the agricultural sector of small countries was also ruined.

At the same time, in the name of globalization, the citizens of small countries were made materialistic by explaining the benefits of capitalism so that the citizens of these countries become accustomed to the use of products manufactured by western countries and these products are exported in large quantities to these countries. Can go This policy of western countries has also got huge success. Today these countries are importing many such products (cars, refrigerators, motor cycles, washing machines, etc.) from western countries. Western countries are now advocating free trade internationally so that small countries open their markets to the products of developed countries, although developed countries try to buy products manufactured by small countries on their own terms. In this way, in the name of globalization, efforts are being made by western countries to bring small countries under the yoke of imperialism and colonialism once again.

Now the time has come that after the systems of colonialism, imperialism and capitalism, under which many small countries of the world have been fully exploited by the western countries, now the economy based on nationalism, which India is trying to implement , should be implemented in all the countries of the world so that the poor class can be really benefited at the global level.

– Prahlad Sabnani

retired deputy general manager

state Bank of India